Numbers

In Toaq, numbers are verbs. In their most basic function, they express the numerosity of their argument. Their place structure follows this pattern:

Num	“___ are Num in number"

For example, the word shı “one“ means “to be one in number“, the word gu means “to be two in number”, and so forth:

	Shỉ	lú	shảo	jí	hóa.
	one	the-such.that	want	I	itRES
	"I have (only) one wish."

	Gủ	jíbo	fủ.
	two	the-my	offspring
	"My children are two in number."

The following table lists the numbers from 1 to 1000.

1	shı
2	gu
3	saq
4	jo
5	fe
6	cı
7	dıaı
8	roaı
9	neı
10	heı
20	guheı
30	saqheı
100	fue
200	gufue
300	saqfue
1000	bıq

Numbers are put together from left to right, like this:

31 saqheı shı “three-ten one”

452 jofue feheı gu “four-hundred five-ten two“

8564 roaıbıq fefue cıheı jo “eight-thousand five-hundred six-ten four”

(N.B. These constructions are neither serial verbs nor genitival or adjectival constructions. Number verbs are their own class of verbs whose behavior is optimized for number-related expressions.)

A few more examples of expressing numerosity:

	Gủ	múy.
	two	we1+2
	"We are two."

	Jỏheı	sảq	kúe.
	forty	three	the-book
	"The books are forty-three in number."

	Lủı	tảo	jí	hoı	jỏ.
	PRF	do	I	the.aforementioned	four
	"I have done the aforementioned four things."

Numbers as modifiers of generic verbs

Generic verbs include everything that isn’t a measurement verb, i.e. one expressing an abstract quantity. Modifying these verbs with a number has the expected behavior:

	Hẻı	kủe	ní.
	ten	book	this
	"These are ten books."

	Jảı	gú	chỏaq.
	happy	the-two	guest
	"The two guests are happy."

	Zảo	jí	tuq	shỉfue	fẻheı	shỉ	pỏkemoq.
	know	I	all	one-hundred	fifty	one	pokémon
	"I know all 151 Pokémon."

The modifying number is considered a single unit for the purpose of grouping.

Numbers as modifiers of measurement verbs

Measurements involve verbs which refer abstractly to different units of measurement. The following table lists a few important units:

second	sekuq
meter	mety
gram	garaq
°C	keıcıu

These verbs refer abstractly to amounts measured in their respective units. For example, sekuq “to be a second”, gu sẻkuq “to be two seconds”.

These expressions are then used as arguments of verbs that select for units, such as “to last for [time]”.

	Bủaı	tíeq	nhè	róaı	mẻty.
	long	the-path	P-to.extent	the-eight	meter
	"The path is 8 meters long."

	Lảo	jí	dùo	jó	sẻkuq.
	wait	I	P-last.for	the-four	second
	"I wait for four seconds."

	Tủoq	chóme	nhè	sáqfue	gảraq.
	heavy	the-insect	P-to.extent	the-three.hundred	gram
	"The insect weighs 300 grams."

	Lỏq	náo	nhè	sáqheı	dỉaı	kẻıcıu.
	hot	the-water	P-to.extent	the-thirty	seven	celcius
	"The water is 37°C hot."